Photobiomodulation

Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level light therapy, utilizes red to near-infrared light to stimulate cellular activity. When applied to the brain, PBM has been shown to enhance neuronal metabolism and energy production, thereby promoting a state conducive to neuroplasticity—the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections.

The primary mechanism involves the absorption of light by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, leading to increased ATP production. This boost in cellular energy supports various neuroprotective processes, including

anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses, as well as the stimulation of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.

By enhancing these metabolic and protective pathways, PBM effectively opens a "neuroplasticity window," a period during which the brain exhibits heightened plasticity. This state facilitates positive changes in neuronal networks, making PBM a promising adjunctive therapy for conditions requiring neural rehabilitation or cognitive enhancement.

Recent studies have demonstrated that transcranial PBM can improve cognitive functions, such as visual working memory, further supporting its role in modulating neuroplasticity. (science.org)

Incorporating PBM into therapeutic protocols may thus offer a non-invasive means to prepare the brain for adaptive changes, leveraging the neuroplasticity window to achieve desired outcomes in neural health and function.

Gut-Brain Axis

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